The hierarchy of references in the scientific community is generally:
Primary sources of the top level include personal research, and discussions with other persons having done personal research on the subject at issue usually cited as ” personal communication” . This latter source would be referred to as ” hearsay” by the legal community, although these would fall under the type of infomation ” generally relied upon by experts in that field” .
The second level of primary source material is information published in research journals many, but not all of which are ” peer reviewed” prior to publication. Oral presentations at professional meetings, seminars, and workshops are also more thoroughly ” peer reviewed” during the presentation! Pre-publication ” Peer review” generally tends towards being reviewed by two or three other researchers in that field, usually full professors at academic institutions that have a turf
to protect.
Secondary sources of information are books and comprehensive review articles on a subject. These will cite ” primary” sources of information from which they have abstracted and summarized data and concepts.
A Tertiary level of information is derived from the internet and are generally of a brochure format summarizing information on a topic. These are of varying degrees of reliability wich is quite source dependent, i.e. an article written by a chiropractor or physician is generally more technically correct and less biased than one presented on a law firm’s web site.
The internet is a good source of primary source material, in the form of reprints of journal articles, ” Power Point” type seminar presentations, and lecture notes by professors for their students. These should not be confused with the level of fact in materials discussed in the preceeding paragraph.
The majority of the material is derived from text and reference books on a subject, as well as primary journal articles, lecture presentation materials, and the ” brochure” level of information. Identification of source(s) is given in most instances. In some cases a variety of materials, including my own experiences are summarized without attribution.
VISION – COLOR – ILLUMINATION:
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- FORENSIC ASPECTS Of VISION And HIGHWAY SAFETY, M. J. Allen, B, S. Abrams, L. Weintraub, Lawyers & Judges Publishers, 1996
- FORENSIC ASPECTS Of DRIVER PERCEPTION And RESPONSE. P. L. Olson, Lawyers & Judges Publishers, 1996.
- PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY, F. Leukel, C. V. Mosby Publishing, 1972
- FOUNDATIONS Of PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY, R. F. Thompson, Harper & Row, 1967
- PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY, M. A. Wenger, F. N. Jones, M. H. Jones, Holt Rhinehart and Winston, 1956
- HUMAN FACTORS IN ENGINEERING And DESIGN, M. S. Sanders and E. J. McCormick, 7th edtn, McGraw-Hill, 1993
- ILLUMINATION ENGINEERING, J. B. Murdoch, Macmillan Publishing, 1985
- THE LIGHTING PRIMER, B. R. Boylan, Iowa State University Press, 1987
- RECOMMENDED PRACTICES Of The ILLUMINATION ENGINEERS SOCIETY, as published in the American Society for Testing & Materials (ASTM), 1980 Annual Book of ASTM Standards Part 46
- METHUEN HANDBOOK Of COLOUR, 3rd ed., A. Kornerup & J. H. Wanscher, Methuen Co., 1978
- WARNING DESIGN, J. Edworthy and A. Adams, Taylor & Francis, 1996
- PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY, 3rd edtn., Clifford T. Morgan, McGraw-Hill, 1965
- THE MIND, Richard M. Restak, Bantam, 1988
(The Text for the PBS TV Series)
PHYSIOLOGY And ANATOMY / BIOMECHANICS / ORGAN FUNCTION / INJURIES:
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- DYNAMIC ANATOMY And PHYSIOLOGY, Ben Pansky, Macmillan Publishing, 1975
- Kimber-Gray-Stackpole’s ANATOMY And PHYSIOLOGY, 16th edtn, M. A. Miller and L. C. Leavell, Macmillan Publishing, 1972
- The BIOPHYSICAL FOUNDATIONS Of HUMAN MOVEMENT, B. Abernethy, V. Kippers, L. T. Mackinnon, R. J. Neal, S. Hanrahan, Human Kinetics Press, 1997
- OCCUPATIONAL BIOMECHANICS, Don B. Chaffin and Gunnar Andersson, Wiley – Interscience, 1984
- BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS Of The MUSCULOSKELETAL STRUCTURE For MEDICINE And SPORTS, A. Seireg and R. Arvikar, Hemisphere Publishing/Taylor & Francis, 1989
- NEUROMECHANICS Of HUMAN MOVEMENT, R. Enoka, Human Kinetics Press, 2002
- BIOMECHANICS Of MUSCULOSKETAL INJURY, W. C. Whitting and R. F. Zernicke, Human Kinetics Press, 1998
- FORENSIC BIOMECHANICS, P. Hannon and K. Knapp, Lawyers & Judges Publishers, 2006
- ACCIDENTAL INJURY Biomechanics And Prevention, 2nd edtn, A. M. Nahum and J. W. Melvin editors, Springer, 2002
- HUMAN ANATOMY, Drs. Giovanni Iazzetti and Enrico Rigutti, TAJ Books International, 2007
- PHYSICS In BIOLOGY And MEDICINE, P. Davidovits, Prentice-Hall, 1975
- INJURY CAUSATION ANALYSES, VOLS. 1 & 2, Arthur Damask, Jay Damask, and John Damask, Michie Publishers, 1990-1993
- KINEMATICS OF HUMAN MOTION, V. M. Zatsiorsky, Human Kinetics Press, 1998
- STRENGTH Of BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS, Hiroshi Yamada, edit F. G. Evans, Williams & Wilkens Publishing, 1970 [Out of print but available through inter-library loan from most medical libraries e.g. Univ. Calif San Diego]
- CRASH INJURIES: How and Why They Happen, A PRIMER, Alvin S. Hyde, HAI, P.O. 490034, Key Biscayne FL 33149
- WHIPLASH INJURIES, S. M Foreman & Arthur C. Croft, Williams & Wilkins, 1988
- LOW SPEED AUTOMOBILE ACCIDENTS, 2nd edtn., Alan J. Watts, D. R. Atkinson, C. J. Hennessy,Lawyers & Judges Publ., 1999
- KINESIOLOGY, 6th edtn., K. F. Wells and K. Luttgens, Saunders, 1976
- MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BONE, F. Gaynor Evans, Charles C. Thomas Publisher, 1973
(Draws extensively on Hiroshi Yamada’s material) - KINETICS OF HUMAN MOTION, V. M. Zatsiorsky, Human Kinetics Publ., 2002
- BIOMECHANICS Of The Musco-skeletal System, 2nd Edtn, B. M. Nigg & W. Hrzog edit., John Wiley & Sons, 1999
- COLOR ATLAS OF ANATOMY: A Photographic Study Of The Human Body, 3rd edtn., J. W. Rohen & Chihiro Yokochi, Igaku-Shoin Medical Publishers, 1993.
- CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS OF THE SPINE, 2nd edtn., A. A. White III and M. M. Panjabi, Lippincott, 1990
(considered by many to be quite authoritive) - THE HUMAN FIGURE IN MOTION, Eadweard Muybridge, Dover Pulications, 1955
(This work has been catagorized as a classic in the study of human motion by artists, physiologists, and medical specialists, pornographic by others due to the several nude photos of males and females, and hard-core kiddy porn due to the nude photos of children of various ages. It has been banned from sale by some courts in the last decade and lauded by other courts as a masterpiece of scientific study and history. The original work was done in the 1870-1880 period.) - THE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING HANDBOOK, J. D. Bronzino editor-in-chief, CRC Press, 1995
- IMPACT INJURY And CRASH PROTECTION, E. S. Gurdjian, W. A. Lange, L. M. Patrick,and L. M. Thomas, Charles C. Thomas Poblishers, 1970
- BIOMECHANICS OF IMPACT INJURIES AND INJURY TOLERANCES OF THE HEAD-NECK COMPLEX, S. Backaitis, edit., SAE PT-43, SAE, 1993
- BIOMECHANICS OF IMPACT INJURIES AND INJURY TOLERANCES OF THE THORAX-SHOULDER COMPLEX, S. Backaitis, edit., SAE PT-45, SAE, 1994
- BIOMECHANICS OF IMPACT INJURIES AND INJURY TOLERANCES OF THE ABDOMEN, LUMBAR SPINE AND PELVIS COMPLEX, S. Backaitis, edit., SAE PT-47, SAE, 1995
- BIOMECHANICS OF IMPACT INJURIES AND INJURY TOLERANCES OF THE EXTREMITIES, S. Backaitis, edit., SAE PT-56, SAE, 1996
TASTE-SMELL:
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- DYNAMIC ANATOMY And PHYSIOLOGY, Ben Pansky, Macmillan Publishing, 1975
- Kimber-Gray-Stackpole’s ANATOMY And PHYSIOLOGY, 16th edtn, M. A. Miller and L. C. Leavell, Macmillan Publishing, 1972
- PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY, F. Leukel, C. V. Mosby Publishing, 1972
- FOUNDATIONS Of PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY, R. F. Thompson, Harper & Row, 1967
- PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY, M. A. Wenger, F. N. Jones, M. H. Jones, Holt Rhinehart and Winston, 1956
- COMPILATION Of ODOR And TASTE THRESHOLD VALUES DATA, W. H. Stahl, editor, American Society For Testing And Materials, Data Series DS 48, ASTM, 1973
- PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY, 3rd edtn., Clifford T. Morgan, McGraw-Hill, 1965
SOUND – AUDITION:
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- DYNAMIC ANATOMY And PHYSIOLOGY, Ben Pansky, Macmillan Publishing, 1975
- Kimber-Gray-Stackpole’s ANATOMY And PHYSIOLOGY, 16th edtn, M. A. Miller and L. C. Leavell, Macmillan Publishing, 1972
- PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY, F. Leukel, C. V. Mosby Publishing, 1972
- FOUNDATIONS Of PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY, R. F. Thompson, Harper & Row, 1967
- PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY, M. A. Wenger, F. N. Jones, M. H. Jones, Holt Rhinehart and Winston, 1956
- OUR ACOUSTIC ENVIRONMENT, F. A. White, Wiley Interscience, 1975
- HANDBOOK Of NOISE MEASUREMENT, 9th edtn., A. P. G. Peterson, General Radio (GenRad), 1980
- PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY, 3rd edtn., Clifford T. Morgan, McGraw-Hill, 1965